Sources and references

Our sources policy

We only rely on sources that are official or authoritative for the claim being made:

Kind of claim Sources we use Sources we do not use as evidence
Exam rules, fees, test centres, pass rates NCSBN and nclex.com, Pearson VUE Coaching-institute blogs, forums, social media
Eligibility and licensure The specific board of nursing, TruMerit, the Indian Nursing Council and State Nursing Councils Agencies' summaries
Visa-related requirements TruMerit VisaScreen, US HRSA Immigration forums
Clinical explanations Official drug labels (DailyMed), CDC and NIH guidance, open-licence nursing textbooks, professional guidelines Commercial question banks, review books, recalled exam questions

How facts are tracked: every regulatory statement on our guides is recorded in a fact ledger with its source, the source's publication or revision date, the date we verified it, its status and its re-check date. Unverified statements are labelled as not confirmed, never presented as fact.

How we use material: we cite and link. We do not reproduce protected documents or copy competitor content.

Reference sources

SourceTypeHow we use itLast checked
Head-of-bed elevation literature review (MVP toolkit)
AHRQ
governmentUS government work (public domain).2026-09-15
AHRQ PSNet WebM&M case commentary: post-thyroidectomy hematoma and airway
AHRQ Patient Safety Network (NCBI Bookshelf)
governmentUS government-funded; facts only.2026-09-15
Standards of Care in Diabetes 2024: glycemic goals and hypoglycemia
American Diabetes Association (PubMed Central)
guidelineClass C: facts only.2026-09-15
Lifestyle changes for heart failure
American Heart Association
guidelineClass C: facts only.2026-09-15
Managing heart failure symptoms
American Heart Association
guidelineClass C: facts only.2026-09-15
Clinical guidance for C. difficile
CDC
guidelineUS government work (public domain).2026-09-15
Transmission-based precautions
CDC
guidelineUS government work (public domain).2026-09-15
Treatment of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)
CDC
governmentUS government work (public domain).2026-09-15
Signs and symptoms of stroke
CDC
governmentUS government work (public domain).2026-09-15
Helping babies sleep safely
CDC
governmentUS government work (public domain).2026-09-15
Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Health-Care Settings, 2005
CDC (MMWR Recommendations and Reports 54(RR-17))
guidelineUS government work (public domain).2026-09-16
Guideline for Isolation Precautions (2007): recommendations
CDC / HICPAC
guidelineUS government work (public domain).2026-09-15
Isolation Precautions Appendix A: type and duration of precautions
CDC / HICPAC
guidelineUS government work (public domain).2026-09-15
2007 Guideline for Isolation Precautions (full document)
CDC / HICPAC
guidelineUS government work (public domain).2026-09-16
Guidelines for Preventing Health-Care-Associated Pneumonia, 2003
CDC / HICPAC (MMWR Recommendations and Reports)
guidelineUS government work (public domain).2026-09-16
CGFNS International
CGFNS International
regulatorCited and linked.Not yet checked
Warfarin sodium tablets: prescribing information and Medication Guide
DailyMed (NLM), FDA-approved labeling
drug labelFDA labeling; facts restated.2026-09-15
Epinephrine auto-injector: prescribing information
DailyMed (NLM), FDA-approved labeling
drug labelFDA labeling; facts restated.2026-09-15
Furosemide tablets: prescribing information
DailyMed (NLM), FDA-approved labeling
drug labelFDA labeling; facts restated.2026-09-15
Morphine sulfate injection: prescribing information
DailyMed (NLM), FDA-approved labeling
drug labelFDA labeling; facts restated.2026-09-15
Indian Nursing Council
Indian Nursing Council
regulatorCited and linked.Not yet checked
ISMP list of high-alert medications (acute care)
Institute for Safe Medication Practices
guidelineCite only; do not reproduce the list.Not yet checked
Targeted Medication Safety Best Practices for Hospitals 2024–2025
Institute for Safe Medication Practices
guidelineClass C: facts only.2026-09-15
Accuracy of first recorded 'last known normal' times of stroke code patients
Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases (2015); NIH public-access author manuscript on PubMed Central
journalCopyright retained by the publisher/authors. No Creative Commons licence is stated; availability on PubMed Central under the NIH public access policy is not a licence to reproduce. Facts cited only; no wording reproduced.2026-09-16
KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury (2012)
KDIGO
guidelineClass C: facts only.2026-09-15
Potassium blood test
MedlinePlus (NLM)
governmentNLM-authored lab test page (public domain).2026-09-15
After Surgery (health topic summary)
MedlinePlus (NLM)
governmentNLM summary (public domain).2026-09-15
Postsurgical pain treatment in adults
MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (NLM)
governmentClass D (A.D.A.M. content on MedlinePlus): corroboration only. MedlinePlus encyclopedia text is licensed from A.D.A.M.; cite and link only, reproduce no wording.2026-09-16
Warning Signs of Suicide
National Institute of Mental Health
governmentUS government work (public domain).2026-09-15
5 Action Steps to Help Someone Having Thoughts of Suicide
National Institute of Mental Health
governmentUS government work (public domain).2026-09-15
Ask Suicide-Screening Questions (ASQ) Toolkit
National Institute of Mental Health
governmentUS government work (public domain).2026-09-15
NIMH Toolkit: Suicide Risk Screening Tool (ASQ)
National Institute of Mental Health
governmentNIMH states its website information and materials are in the public domain (images excepted); cite NIMH.2026-09-16
NIST Handbook 44, Appendix C: General tables of units of measurement
National Institute of Standards and Technology
governmentUS government work (public domain).2026-09-15
NCLEX official candidate website
NCSBN
exam bodyCite and link; do not reproduce test plan or candidate bulletin text.Not yet checked
National Council of State Boards of Nursing
NCSBN
exam bodyCite statistics with document name and year.Not yet checked
NCLEX-RN Test Plan (effective April 2026), front matter only
NCSBN
exam bodyClass B: activity statements cited as facts only; sample items never used.2026-09-15
National Guidelines for Nursing Delegation (joint statement)
NCSBN and ANA
regulatorClass B: facts paraphrased; not reproduced.2026-09-15
NYSED Office of the Professions
New York State Education Department
regulatorCited and linked.Not yet checked
Living with heart failure
NHLBI, National Institutes of Health
governmentUS government work (public domain).2026-09-15
Ways to reduce the risk of SIDS and other sleep-related causes of infant death
NICHD Safe to Sleep, National Institutes of Health
governmentUS government work (public domain).2026-09-15
Safe to Sleep campaign
NICHD, National Institutes of Health
governmentUS government work (public domain).Not yet checked
NIDDK publication on NCBI Bookshelf: glucose unit conversion
NIDDK, National Institutes of Health
governmentNIH publication (public domain unless noted).2026-09-15
Stroke: signs and symptoms
NINDS, National Institutes of Health
governmentUS government work (public domain).2026-09-15
Nursing Management and Professional Concepts (Open RN)
Open Resources for Nursing, Chippewa Valley Technical College (NCBI Bookshelf)
open textbookCC BY 4.0 (permissive): attribution required.2026-09-15
Nursing Skills (Open RN)
Open Resources for Nursing, Chippewa Valley Technical College (NCBI Bookshelf)
open textbookCC BY 4.0 (permissive): attribution required.2026-09-15
OpenStax nursing textbooks
OpenStax, Rice University
open textbookCC BY-NC-SA 4.0; OpenStax states its books may not be ingested into LLMs/generative AI without permission. RESTRICTED: not an input to AI-assisted drafting; human cite-and-verify only, pending licensing review.Not yet checked
Pearson VUE NCLEX registration
Pearson VUE
exam bodyCited and linked.Not yet checked
International consensus on anaphylaxis (World Allergy Organization Journal, 2014)
Simons et al., via PubMed Central
journalOpen access; facts only.2026-09-15
StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf)
StatPearls Publishing / NCBI
journalCC BY-NC-ND 4.0. RESTRICTED: cite and verify only; not an input to AI-assisted drafting of commercial content.Not yet checked
National Performance Goals (hospital program), effective January 2026
The Joint Commission
guidelineClass C: facts only.2026-09-15
R3 Report Issue 11: Pain assessment and management standards for hospitals
The Joint Commission
guidelineThe Joint Commission permits reproduction of the R3 Report if credited; facts cited only.2026-09-16
CDC infection control guidance for healthcare personnel
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
guidelineCited and linked.Not yet checked
DailyMed drug labels
US National Library of Medicine
drug labelFDA labelling: cite the specific label and date.Not yet checked
MedlinePlus
US National Library of Medicine
governmentNLM-authored pages are public domain; A.D.A.M. encyclopedia pages are copyrighted. RESTRICTED for A.D.A.M. content: cite only.Not yet checked
Patient Safety Solutions: Patient Identification (2007)
WHO Collaborating Centre for Patient Safety Solutions
guidelineClass C: facts only.2026-09-15